Stoneflies (Plecoptera) are a dominant group in running freshwaters. We report 104 stonefly species from Nevada. The fauna contains species with Sierra Nevada—Cascade range affinities, few of which penetrate far eastward, and Rocky Mountain species extending to western Nevada. Endemics, species associated with the large interior Humboldt River, and species with northern or southern boundaries in Nevada add zoogeographic complexity. From 3531 stonefly records in Nevada, we provide an annotated discussion and collection data for the species present. This material is a foundation for continuing research on Plecoptera and for monitoring vital stream ecosystems in this arid region of western North America. Collection records from this study are compiled in the Nevada Stonefly Database, which is archived and accessible at  http://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/mwnan/vol10/iss1/1.