The genus Myrmechixenus Chevrolat, 1835 (Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae: Myrmechixenini, type species M. subterraneus Chevrolat, 1835) contains only three species described in the middle of the 19^th century from Europe. Two species are now distributed nearly worldwide, and unknown so far only from the Pacific Islands, New Zealand, Central and South America. The third species has a restricted distribution in Europe, probably because of its association to ants. M. calvus Reitter, 1877, described from Sulawesi, is considered as a junior synonym of M. picinus (Aubé, 1850), M. lathridioides Crotch, 1873 from northern America is considered as a junior synonym of M. vaporiarorum Guérin-Méneville, 1843. A species key is added. Myrmecoxenus Agassiz, 1846 is an unjustified emendation of Myrmechixenus.

Galanthus nivalis L. is a widely distributed species. The boundaries of its natural area of distribution, however, are fuzzy due to cultivation and naturalisation. For Germany, indigenous populations have been reported from Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria. To establish the genetic identity of the populations from Baden-Württemberg, we performed molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear marker ITS and on chloroplast marker trnL-trnF spacer. In addition to that, morphometric data of indigenous and synanthropic plants were analysed. Our results indicate that the indigenes are genetically distinct from the synanthropes. Furthermore, a close relationship of the indigenes to specimens from the supposed centre of origin for the species has been suggested. Morphometrically, the identity of synanthropes and indigenes is hard to establish and contradicts findings from previous studies.

Andricus notholithocarpi, n. sp. (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) from California, USA, that induces galls on Notholithocarpus (Fagaceae) is described. Description, diagnoses, biology, and host associations for the new species are given. The different gall types induced by this species are described in detail. The new taxon is supported by morphological and molecular data.

A large collection of mollusks was recently acquired by the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (Brazil) from a commercial company. In this collection, the specimens of the family Streptaxidae from Brazil are both diverse and relatively abundant and are examined here. Herein are reported new records of 11 species, greatly extending the geographical range of the following: Rectartemon depressus (Heynemann, 1868), R. iguapensis (Pilsbry, 1930), R. piquetensis (Pilsbry, 1930) and Streptartemon extraneus (Haas, 1955). Additionally, two new species are described: Streptaxis leirae sp. nov. and Streptaxis megahelix sp. nov.

The new Caenidae genus Liebenauis (Type species L. tenuipes) is described from larval material collected in Sumatra and attributed to the subfamily Caeninae. It is closely related to the tribe Caenini and defined by long and very thin legs and modified, finger- or pine needle-shaped chloride cells on the ventral side of the operculate gill. Such types of chloride cells are not known in any other Caeninae. Two new species of Caenis from Papua New Guinea are also described.

Problepsis cinerea is reported as a new genus and species for the fauna of Iran. The species is recorded based on two females, collected in South Iran. Identification was confirmed by morphological characters and barcoding data. Information on the morphology and diagnostic characters are given, in comparison with the similar species. Remarks on the habitat and biology are added. Distribution pattern of both P. ocellata and P. cinerea in the Middle East is mapped. Details of the scent scales (located on the male hind tibia) are studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and illustrated.

The following new species from Borneo are described: Amarygmus aequalis n. sp., A. concolor n. sp., A. muscivorum n. sp., and Derosphaerus borneensis n. sp. For additional 27 species of the genus Amarygmus of which up to now no faunistic data were available for Borneo or only a few type specimens were known, relevant data are given, sometimes with supplementary morphological notes.

New species of the genus Laena Dejean, 1821 (Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae) are described from central India (L. centroindica n. sp.), from northeastern India in Arunachal Pradesh and Assam (L. bomdilaica n. sp., L. etalinica n. sp., L. gyatsoi n. sp., L. monpa n. sp.), from Myanmar (L. mandalayica n. sp., L. schillhammeri n. sp.), and from the Malay Peninsula (L. larutica n. sp.). L. bicolor Schuster, 1926 is rediscovered in Myanmar since the original description, and Laena kurbatovi Schawaller, 2006, described from Myanmar, is newly recorded from the adjacent Assam.

Species of the genus Cousya Mulsant & Rey, 1875 and five previously unrevised species of Ocyusa Kraatz, 1856 of the West Palaearctic region including Middle Asia are revised. In total, 19 species of Cousya are recognized, with one additional species of which no material was available of doubtful identity and generic affiliations. Three or four additional species remain unnamed for want of males. Only two species, O. maura (Erichson, 1837) and O. picina (Aubé, 1850), remain in Ocyusa. Four species are newly described: Cousya acris n. sp. (South Greece, South Turkey, Cyprus, Lebanon); C. struyvei n. sp. (South Spain); C. pauli n. sp. (Southwest Turkey); C. sufflata n. sp. (Greece: South Pelopónnisos). Redescriptions are provided for Cousya and ten of its species. All the Cousya species and most of the species moved to other genera are illustrated. Eleven synonymies are proposed: Cousya bicolor (Bernhauer, 1900) = C. mirabilis Assing, 2011, n. syn.; C. defecta (Mulsant & Rey, 1875) = C. humicola Fagel, 1965, n. syn.; C. longitarsis (Thomson, 1867) = C. rugipennis (J. Sahlberg, 1890) n. syn. (previously a synonym of Oxypoda funebris Kraatz, 1856), = C. peezi Scheerpeltz, 1957, n. syn.; C. nigrata (Fairmaire & Laboulbène, 1856) = C. cephallenica (Scheerpeltz, 1931), n. syn., = C. nitidiventris Fagel, 1958, n. syn., = C. lakloukensis Fagel, 1965, n. syn.; C. schuelkei Assing, 2007 = C. planicollis Assing, 2011, n. syn.; C. bimaculata (Fauvel, 1899) = C. vaulogeri (Bernhauer, 1936), n. syn.; Oxypoda flavicornis Kraatz, 1856 = Ocyusa beieri Scheerpeltz, 1931, n. syn.; Ocyusa pellax Peyerimhoff, 1919 = Oxypoda argus Normand, 1935, n. syn. Six new binomina are established: Cousya dissoluta (Eppelsheim, 1888), n. comb. (ex Ocyusa); C. praecox (Eppelsheim, 1888), n. comb. (ex Ocyusa); Oxypoda picta Mulsant & Rey, 1875, n. comb. (ex Cousya);Oxypoda pellax (Peyerimhoff, 1919), n. comb. (ex Ocyusa);Oxypoda heydeni (Eppelsheim, 1879), n. comb. (ex Ocyusa);Tectusa uhligi (Pace, 1987), n. comb. (ex Cousya). The material labelled as types of Cousya uhligi is composed of three species, all of them belonging to Tectusa Bernhauer, 1899. One of them is Tectusa pirinica n. sp. (Bulgaria: Pirin Planina). Four Bulgarian species of Tectusa, including T. pirinica, are illustrated. “Ocyusa” apicalis Normand, 1935 is not congeneric with the type species of Ocyusa and treated as Oxypodina incertae sedis. A neotype is designated for Ocyusa defecta Mulsant & Rey, 1875. Lectotypes are designated for Cousya peezi Scheerpeltz, 1957, Ocyusa eppelsheimi Bernhauer, 1902, O. araxis Bernhauer, 1902, O. bicolor Bernhauer, 1900, Homalota dissoluta Eppelsheim, 1888, H. praecox Eppelsheim, 1888, and Ocyusa ferdinandicoburgi Rambousek, 1909. A catalogue and a key to the Cousya species of the West Palaearctic region are provided. The species of Cousya are assigned to two species groups, the C. nigrata group (eleven species) and the C. crocea group (eight species). While the species of the C. nigrata group are fully winged and widespread, those of the C. crocea group are partly incapable of flight and have restricted distributions; six of them have been recorded only from their respective type localities. The distributions of all the Cousya species are mapped. Available evidence suggests that at least the species of the C. nigrata group reproduce in autumn (most species in a subterranean habitat), have their preimaginal development in winter and early spring, emerge from the pupa and disperse in spring, and spend the warmer seasons either in estivation or in a subterranean habitat. A biased sex ratio (males rarer than females) was observed in two species. It is particularly pronounced in C. nigrata: only 15 % of the sexed specimens are males. Not a single male was found in the north of its range, suggesting that the species is parthenogenetic in this region.