Symplocos atlantica (Symplocaceae), a new species from the Atlantic Rain Forest of Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to Symplocos glandulosomarginata and S. glaziovii, from which it can be distinguished by young leaves with an eglandular margin or rarely with 1–3 early caducous glands per cm, a pilose and dome-like to short-cylindrical disc in flower, and fertile ovules 0.2–0.5(-0.6) mm long.