Traces of Imidacloprid Induce Hormesis as a Stimulatory Conditioned Response of Sweetpotato Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

M. Rakotondravelo; D. Smitley; E. Calabrese; M. Ladoni

doi:10.1093/ee/nvz121

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M. Rakotondravelo,^1,2 D. Smitley,^2,* E. Calabrese,³ M. Ladoni⁴

¹1Department of Entomology, College of Science and Technology University of Antananarivo, Antananariv
²2Department of Entomology, 288 Farm Ln/Rm 243 Natural Science Building, Michigan State University, E
³3Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Universit
⁴4The Climate Corporation, San Francisco, CA

^*Corresponding author, e-mail: smitley@msu.edu

Abstract

Our purpose is to determine whether extremely low concentrations of imidacloprid (2–8 ppb) typically found in field soil 1–3 yr after a crop is grown using seed with a standard imidacloprid seed-coating could impact the fitness of whiteflies, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Results of our experiments indicate that imidacloprid-resistant whitefly larvae feeding on cotton seedlings growing in soil with 8.0 ppb imidacloprid are conditioned so that when the same individuals feed on plants treated with imidacloprid as adults their fitness, measured as fecundity, increases 30–70% compared with individuals that were not primed as larvae. This conditioning hormesis stimulates resistant whiteflies more than susceptible whiteflies, which may contribute to the selection of resistant populations.

Citation Download Citation

M. Rakotondravelo, D. Smitley, E. Calabrese, and M. Ladoni "Traces of Imidacloprid Induce Hormesis as a Stimulatory Conditioned Response of Sweetpotato Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)," Environmental Entomology 48(6), 1418-1424, (20 October 2019). https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz121

Received: 13 June 2019; Accepted: 16 September 2019; Published: 20 October 2019