Hardion, L., R. Verlaque, M. W. Callmander & B. Vila (2012). Arundo micrantha Lam. (Poaceae), the correct name for Arundo mauritanica Desf. and Arundo mediterranea Danin. Candollea 67: 131–135. In English, English and French abstracts.

Arundo micrantha Lam. (Poaceae) was validly published by Lamarck in 1791 but has been overlooked in the literature. Based on recent taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, this name is rehabilitated to designate a circum-Mediterranean taxon, with Arundo mauritanica Desf. and Arundo mediterranea Danin as later synonyms. For the first time, Arundo micrantha is recorded in the Flora of France based on two rediscoveries (Golfe-Juan and Ste-Lucie Island) and identifications in the wild, thanks to indications of older specimens in herbaria G, MARS, MPU and P. However, these two populations of Arundo micrantha are under severe threats and this species must be considered as Critically Endangered in France following IUCN Red List Categories.

Callmander, M. W., P. B. Phillipson & L. Gautier (ed.) (2012). Notes on the flora of Madagascar, 22–25. Candollea 67: 137–151. In French and English, English and French abstracts.

Ongoing research on Madagascar's flora is revealing numerous taxonomic novelties and nomenclatural inconsistencies, and providing new data on species distribution. This is the fourth set of notes in a series that aims to provide the botanical community working on the flora of Madagascar an opportunity to publish short communications on these topics, and comprises four notes.

— Note 22. Description of the fruit of Tabernaemontana capuronii Leeuwenb. (Apocynaceae), 40 years after the discovery of this species, by Lucile Allorge & Adolphe Lehavana. The fruit of an Apocynaceae (Tabernaemontaneae), Tabernaemontana capuronii Leeuwenb. (described as Capuronetta elegans Markgr. in 1972) is described for the first time. The fruit is of scientific interest because of the contested systematic position of this species.

— Note 23. Notes on the genus Ochna L. (Ochnaceae) in Madagascar, by Martin W. Callmander & Peter B. Phillipson. Four Ochnaceae species originally described in the genera Diporidium Tiegh., Discladium Tiegh. and Polythecium Tiegh. are formally transferred to the genus Ochna, following currently accepted generic delimitation in the family. The necessary combinations Ochna baronii (Tiegh.) Callm. & Phillipson, Ochna louvelii (H. Perrier) Callm. & Phillipson and Ochna thouvenotii (H. Perrier) Callm. & Phillipson are provided. A new name is required for Polythecium macranthum Tiegh.: Ochna sambiranensis Callm. & Phillipson.

— Note 24. Peltophorum dasyrhachis (Miq.) Kurz: a new record of a Southeast Asian species of Fabaceae (Caesalpinioideae) naturalized in northwestern Madagascar, by Zachary S. Rogers and Mats Thulin. Two recent Fabaceae collections from northwestern Madagascar document the presence of Peltophorum dasyrhachis (Miq.) Kurz in the country. This discovery signals a new naturalized species of Caesalpinioideae for Madagascar and adds another genus to the island's highly diverse flora. The orthography and authorship of the name is discussed and a lectotype is designated.

— Note 25. Mimusops coriacea (A. DC.) Miq. (Sapotaceae): nomenclature, distribution and ecology, by Laurent Gautier, Louis Nusbaumer, Rhéa Garrat, Richard Randrianaivo & Peter B. Phillipson. Mimusops coriacea (A. DC.) Miq., a useful species of the littoral forests of the humid coasts of Madagascar is still often erroneously refered to as Mimusops commersonii (Engl.) G. Don. The authors confirm the nomenclature of this useful species. They present a distribution map, analyze it, and discuss its phenology and conservation status.

Price, M. J. (2012). Catalogue of the Benjamin Balansa moss collections from Paraguay in Herbarium Genavense (G). Candollea 67: 153–179. In English, English and French abstracts.

One of the most significant bryophyte collections from Paraguay is that of the Frenchman Benedict (Benjamin) Balansa. His collections were distributed to, amongst other institutions, B, BM, G, H-BR, L, NY and PC. In Geneva, Balansa collections can be found in the historical herbaria of Boissier, Reuter-Barbey, Barbey-Boissier and the non G-DC De Candolle collection which were all incorporated into the municipal herbarium (G) of the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève. The French bryologist Emile Bescherelle worked on the majority of the Balansa moss collections from Paraguay, describing 73 new species from amongst this material. With the purchase of Bescherelle's herbarium by the BM, Balansa's original Paraguay specimens came to reside there. A total of 390 specimens are present in G for 158 Balansa collection numbers, including 22 specimens for 15 previously unpublished Balansa numbers. The 158 collection numbers and 390 specimens in G cover 88 specific and infraspecific names that represent 67 currently accepted taxa and eight nomina nuda. Of the 390 specimens, 160 are types including 3 lectotypes, 28 isolectotypes, 19 isotypes and 110 syntypes. For each taxonomic entry, the place of publication, the collection number, current name, and for the types the type status and typification, if found, are provided. A complete list of the published Balansa collection numbers for the Paraguay mosses, including their current name, the name under which they were published and the place of publication, is also given herein.

Iamonico, D. (2012). Studies on the genus Atriplex L. (Amaranthaceae) in Italy. II. Lectotypification of Atriplex elongata Guss. Candollea 67: 181–185. In English, English and French abstracts.

Atriplex elongata Guss. (Amaranthaceae) is giving as an heterotypic synonym of Atriplex patula L. This first name is also lectotypified on a herbarium specimen kept in NAP. The identity of the species is clarified based on literature analysis and examination of type material and other herbarium specimens.

Ramella, L. & P. Perret (ed.) (2012). Notulae ad Floram paraquaiensem, 112. Candollea 67: 187–189. In Spanish, French and English abstracts.

Thirty-seventh installment of a series dedicated to the presentation of taxonomic, nomenclatural or floristic novelties in relation with the project “Flora del Paraguay” as well as complements to already published treatments. Organizational information and accounts on the advancement of the Flora are sometimes added by the editors. — Notula 112. Matelea balansae Morillo & Fontella (Asclepiadaceae), a new species for the flora of Paraguay, by Gilberto Morillo & Jorge Fontella Pereira.

Bartolucci, F. & L. Peruzzi (2012). Typification of Fritillaria tubiformis Gren. & Godr., Fritillaria delphinensis f. moggridgei Planch. and Fritillaria delphinensis var. burnatii Planch. (Liliaceae) from SW Europe. Candollea 67: 23–29. In English. English and French abtracts.

The names of Fritillaria tubiformis Gren. & Godr., Fritillaria delphinensis f. moggridgei Planch. and Fritillaria delphinensis var. burnatii Planch. are lectotypified. Comments are given on the taxonomic value and systematic status of the three taxa.

Bhattacharjee, A. (2012). On the status of some species of Cheirostylis Blume (Orchidaceae) from India. Candollea 67: 31–35. In English, English and French abstracts.

Cheirostylis chinensis var. glabra Bhaumik & M. K. Pathak and Cheirostylis seidenfadeniana C. S. Kumar & F. N. Rasm. (Orchidaceae) are treated as synonyms of Cheirostylis moniliformis (Griff.) Seidenf. and Cheirostylis parvifolia Lindl. respectively. The taxonomic status of Cheirostylis munnacampensis A. N. Rao as a synonym of Cheirostylis yunnanensis Rolfe is confirmed and the status of Cheirostylis mohanramii Chaturv., Moaakum & C. S. Kumar is also discussed.

Ferrer-Gallego, P., R. Roselló, J. Gómez & J. B. Peris (2012). Revised lectotypification of Teucrium gnaphalodes L'Hér. (Lamiaceae). Candollea 67: 37–40. In English, English and French abstracts.

The original material of Teucrium gnaphalodes L'Hér. (Lamiaceae) comprises a mixture of different taxa. One element is selected and lectotypified in order to clarify the application of this binomial.

Bandyopadhyay, S. (2012). Lectotypification of Bauhinia phoenicea Wight & Arn. (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae). Candollea 67: 41–43. In English, English and French abstracts.

The name Bauhinia phoenicea Wight & Arn. is lectotypified.

Dey, S. & P. V. Prasanna (2012). Typifications of Rhynchospora hookeri Boeck., Rhynchospora longisetis R. Br. and Rhynchospora rubra (Lour.) Makino (Cyperaceae). Candollea 67: 45–50. In English, English and French abstracts.

The names of Rhynchospora hookeri Boeck. and Rhynchospora longisetis R. Br. (Cyperaceae) are lectotypified, and the name of Rhynchospora rubra (Lour.) Makino is neotypified.

Aeschimann, D., N. Rasolofo & J.-P. Theurillat (2012). Analysis of the flora of the Alps. 3: biology and phenology. Candollea 67: 5–21. In French, English and French abstracts.

The third in a series, this paper continues the statistical analyses of the data published in «Flora alpina», focusing on that which concerns the biology (longevity, biological forms and plant height) and phenology of taxa. Expressed as percentages, the results concerning the flora are envisaged globally, by vegetation belt, by administrative division and by floristic contingent. Several cartographic patterns are presented and it is shown that, in the Alps, the percentage of annual taxa is positively correlated with the relative weight of the Mediterranean contingent, as well as with the taxonomic richness. Inversely, the percentage of perennial taxa is negatively correlated with the same data. The results confirm the predictive value of the percentages of chamaephytes in bioclimatology. Overall, more than 63% of the taxa recorded in the Alps count in the class of plant height between 20 and 40 cm, whereas 61 % of the taxa recorded in the alpine vegetation belt count in the class between 10 and 20 cm. In June, the highest percentage of taxa potentially flowering, which is 77%, is reached in the colline belt whereas for all the other vegetation belts it is in July when this percentage is at its highest, reaching even 100 % in the nival belt.

Fagúndez, J. (2012). Study of some European wild hybrids of Erica L. (Ericaceae), with descriptions of a new nothospecies: Erica ×nelsonii Fagúndez and a new nothosubspecies: Erica ×veitchii nothosubsp. asturica Fagúndez. Candollea 67: 51–57. In English, English and French abstracts.

Wild hybrids issued from crossing European species of genus Erica L. are described. The close study of the type material of Erica ×lazaroana Rivas Goday & Bellot (Erica arborea L. × Erica umbellata L.) shows that it should be regarded as a new synonym of Erica arborea. Erica ×nelsonii Fagúndez (Erica cinerea L. × Erica tetralix L.), a new nothospecies from Ireland, is described from herbarium material. Erica ×veitchii nothosubsp. asturica Fagúndez (Erica arborea × Erica lusitanica subsp. cantabrica Fagúndez & Izco) is also described. A study of seed micromorphology shows evidence of hybridization between Erica tetralix L. and Erica ciliaris L.

Kollmann, L. J.-C. & A. Luna Peixoto (2012). Begonia fragae L. Kollmann & Peixoto and Begonia wasshauseniana L. Kollmann & Peixoto (Begoniaceae), two new species from the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Candollea 67: 59–64. In English, English and French abstracts.

Begonia fragae L. Kollmann & Peixoto and Begonia wasshauseniana L. Kollmann & Peixoto (Begoniaceae), two new species from the Atlantic Forest of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, are described and illustrated. Comments on their ecology and distribution are also provided. If Begonia fragae is most similar to Begonia santoslimae Brade, Begonia kautskyana Handro and Begonia leopoldinensis L. Kollmann, Begonia wasshauseniana is similar to Begonia ruschii L. Kollmann. Their morphological affinities are discussed.

Pujadas-Salvà, A. J. & P. Fraga I Arguimbau (2012). Orobanche rumseiana A. Pujadas & P. Fraga (Orobanchaceae), a new species from the Balearic Islands. Candollea 67: 65–74. In English, English and French abstracts.

A new species, Orobanche rumseiana A. Pujadas & P. Fraga (subgen. Trionychon (Wallr.) Spach, Orobanchaceae) is described from Majorca and Minorca, Balearic Islands. The new species inhabits coastal rocky areas with shrubby vegetation, is parasitic on Rosmarinus officinalis L. It is characterised by an inflorescence with erect-patent to patent flowers, a calyx with long acuminate triangular teeths, a corolla tube uniformly curved, corolla lobes obtuse with a distinctive mucro, some staminal filaments pubescent in the lower half and hairy anthers. Its morphological traits, and the fact that it is a parasite of Rosmarinus officinalis L., relate it to Orobanche rosmarina Beck with which it has been misidentified. It is also related to Orobanche mariana A. Pujadas and Orobanche pseudrosmarina A. Pujadas & Muñoz Garm. A detailed description and diagnosis are provided. Morphological characters that allow it to be discriminated from these related taxa are discussed and summarized.

Stauffer, F. W., J. Stauffer & L. J. Dorr (2012). Bonpland and Humboldt specimens, field notes, and herbaria; new insights from a study of the monocotyledons collected in Venezuela. Candollea 67: 75–130. In English, English and French abstracts.

The monocotyledon collections emanating from Humboldt and Bonpland's expedition are used to trace the complicated ways in which botanical specimens collected by the expedition were returned to Europe, to describe the present location and to explore the relationship between specimens, field notes, and descriptions published in the multi-volume “Nova Genera et Species Plantarum” (1816–1825). Collections in five European herbaria were searched for monocotyledons collected by the explorers. In Paris, a search of the Bonpland Herbarium (P-Bonpl.), the most important repository of the expedition's botanical collections, uncovered about 350 specimens of monocotyledon and more or less the same number of species. The Venezuelan material represents 86 species belonging to 57 genera and 19 families. Curiously, 235 species of monocotyledon described in the “Nova Genera et Species Plantarum” are not represented now by specimens in the Bonpland Herbarium although 32 of these 235 are represented by illustrations (i.e., grisailles). No material whatsoever could be found for 203 species of monocotyledon that were expected to be documented by specimens in this herbarium. In Berlin, the Willdenow Herbarium (B-W) holds at least 126 specimens of monocotyledon from Venezuela, corresponding to the same number of species distributed in 64 genera and 26 families. The Berlin herbarium (B) received expedition collections when it purchased the herbarium of Karl Sigismund Kunth. We discovered several specimens of monocotyledon from Venezuela in the herbarium HAL, and they are duplicates of specimens in the Willdenow Herbarium that were removed by D. F. L. von Schlechtendal. No monocotyledon material tied to Humboldt and Bonpland was discovered in the herbarium MA-CAV even though there is evidence that seed was sent by the explorers from Venezuela, cultivated in Madrid, and on occasion these garden-grown plants vouchered as herbarium specimens. Similarly, no monocotyledon material was found in the herbarium LR, despite evidence in correspondence that Bonpland sent specimens to his older brother. We believe that evidence contained in the field books favors describing the botanical collections as being made by “Bonpland and Humboldt” and not “Humboldt and Bonpland”, as is commonly done. The same field books, correspondence, and the introduction to “Nova Genera et Species Plantarum” favor a collective authorship such as “Kunth, Bonpland & Humboldt” rather than “Kunth in H.B.K.” for taxa described in this work. This seems particularly appropriate for those taxa described in these volumes that are not vouchered now by specimens or illustrations in P-Bonpl.