We report the first records of the poorly known crab spider Tmarus longicaudatus Millot, 1942 in Mauritania, Namibia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The new record in Mauritania extends the distribution of the species by almost 2750 km to the west from the closest and type locality in Niger. The new record in Namibia is 1000 km north of the closest locality in South Africa. New records in the UAE are more than 900 km east of the closest locality in central Saudi Arabia. Using all available records, we present the known distribution of the species and its climate-based predicted range, indicating a wide distribution in arid to semi-arid regions. Considering its wide expected distribution, extending throughout Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, integrative taxonomic studies are needed to clarify the species status of this masquerading spider.

The pseudoscorpion Neobisium (Neobisium) kobachidzei Beier, 1962 is recorded from Iran for the first time. This species is redescribed and its diagnostic characters illustrated, based on the newly collected specimens from this country. In addition, a list of Iranian pseudoscorpion species (71 species) and their provincial distributions is presented.

One junior homonym was detected in the order Araneae where no junior synonym could be used and the following replacement name is therefore proposed: Pholcitrichocyclus Ceccolini & Cianferoni nom. nov. pro Trichocyclus Simon, 1908 nec Eschscholtz, 1825 nec Günther, 1870. The genus Leucognatha Wunderlich, 1992 is revalidated to resolve the homonym Sancus Tullgren, 1910 nec Sancus de Nicéville, 1891.

In the collections from Mount Nimba (Ivory Coast) made by M. Lamotte around 1950 and deposited in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris), a new species of Trabea was found. This is the first species from West Africa. In view of the known distribution range of this wolf spider genus, the discovery is remarkable and fills a large zoogeographical gap. More species of Trabea are to be expected from highlands in West Africa.

Sampling in five locations in four forest ecoregions of Bolivia revealed seven species of the ant-like jumping spider tribe Sarindini. Six species, Martella utingae, Sarinda armata, Sarinda marcosi, Simprulla argentina, Simprulla nigricolor, and Zuniga magna, are reported for Bolivia for the first time. The new Bolivian records for M. utingae, S. armata, and S. nigricolor considerably extend the distributional ranges of these species, and the new record for Z. magna shortens a large gap in the known distribution. While the dry diagonal that separates Amazon and Atlantic forests does not appear to act as a dispersal barrier for several Sarindini species, other species appear to be restricted to the areas north or south of the dry diagonal, respectively. Accordingly, high species richness in Bolivian Sarindini may be attributed to the presence of wide spread generalist species and the meeting of several super-regions with their respective faunal elements in Bolivia.

In this study, new records of Menemerus soldani (Audouin, 1826) in North Africa are presented. Examination of male and females collected together revealed that Menemerus silver Wesołowska, 1999 is a junior synonym of M. soldani. New distribution localities from Algeria are added besides those known from North Africa.

In this paper, we report the first records of Eresus moravicus Řezáč, 2008 from Romania. The collected specimens from the new localities are described with phenological and ecological data. The new records are also confirmed by the first molecular data (mitochondrial gene fragments COI and ND1) for E. moravicus from Romania and compared with other European congeners. The distribution and possible occurrence of other Eresus species in Romania is discussed on the basis of sampling bias, past taxonomic confusion and habitat suitability. This work highlights the need for revision of this cryptic spider family in the light of new data on its taxonomy and for the preservation of fragile rocky steppes in southern Romania, which constitute an important refuge for invertebrate biodiversity.

A new pseudoscorpion species of the genus Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 is described from a limestone cave of the Bambuí geomorphological group in southeast Brazil. This new species is only known from a single cave in a karst region with more than two hundred caves. It may be threatened by pasture, gas extraction, large scale exotic Eucalyptus plantations, and small hydroelectric power plants. The new species should be classified as critically endangered (CR). However, this species is regarded as data deficient data (DD), to fit on the different criteria of the IUCN Red List. That indicates the need for more studies on the Presidente Olegário area due to the occurrence of this new species and other specialized subterranean fauna.

Six species of Entelecara Simon, 1884 are known in Ukraine: E. acuminata (Wider, 1834), E. congenera (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879), E. erythropus (Westring, 1851), E. flavipes (Blackwall, 1834), E. media Kulczyński, 1887 (needs confirmation), and E. omissa O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1903. Entelecara errata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1913 was excluded from the earlier list (erroneous identification) and E. forsslundi Tullgren, 1955 was synonymized with E. flavipes (Blackwall, 1834). Information on distinctive features of the copulatory organs and their shape variation is presented, as well as data on ecology and distribution in Ukraine. Drawings of the male palp, carapace, epigyne, and vulva of each of the five species which undoubtedly occurs in Ukraine are provided.

Prosoponoides is one of the smallest genera from the second largest family Linyphiidae, first described by Millidge & Russell-Smith in 1992. All known species are described from Asia but the genus has not previously been reported from India. A morphological description of the new species, digital photographs, and drawings are provided.

The jumping spider species Plexippus minor Wesołowska & van Harten, 2010, known from the United Arab Emirates is here reported from India, from the Desert National Park Wildlife Sanctuary in the state of Rajasthan. Detailed redescriptions with high quality illustrations of both Indian and type specimens of P. minor, including 3D models of the type, are presented, and the distribution is updated. This work increases the number of Plexippus species in India to seven.

A new species of jumping spider, Pseudomogrus sudhii sp. n. (♂♀) from the Thar Desert, Rajasthan, India is diagnosed and illustrated; the type locality is mapped. The genus Pseudomogrus Simon, 1937 is reported from India for the first time.