Taxonomic records of the genus Cyathus in Brazil are revisited, and the description of the species was re-evaluated. In total, 145 samples from Brazilian fungal collections were analyzed and compared with the descriptions present in the literature and type collections, totaling 31 species. New records and new identifications of the collections are presented. Updated descriptions, photo plates, and an identification key for the Cyathus species occurring in Brazil until the present moment are provided.