Although plumage coloration has been widely used as a model in studies of the evolution of signaling, the role of plumage in intrasexual communication has been less studied, especially in cases of the structural plumage color. The aim of our study was to use choice trials and plumage manipulation to test whether or not the structural blue color of the male Blue Grosbeak (Passerina caerulea) works as a signal of social status. Additionally, we tested whether or not females exploit signals used in aggression between males. If they do, it suggests that plumage coloration is also used in mate choice. In 2007, we captured males and females from two different populations. We performed two choice experiments by manipulating plumage color: (1) a status-signaling experiment, in which a male had to choose one of two other males, and (2) a mate-choice experiment, in which a female had to choose one of two males. Males clearly foraged near less blue birds during their first encounter and on the first day. However, this preference was not evident on subsequent days. Females showed no preference for any color of male. Our data show that plumage color works as a “first impression” signal, which suggests that plumage coloration in the Blue Grosbeak represents a signal of dominance status between unfamiliar individuals and thus supports the status-signaling hypothesis. Our results support previous evidence for a lack of selection of males by females, which for this species thus rebuts the armament-ornament model of sexual selection.