Author Affiliations +
Claudia M. Ratti,1,* Heather A. Higo,1 Terry L. Griswold,2 Mark L. Winston3
1aDepartment of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1
2bUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA), Bee Biology and Syst
3cDepartment of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1
*Corresponding author (e-mail: cratti@alumni.sfu.ca).