Manihot veadeirensis, from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil, is described, illustrated, and assigned to Manihot section Quinquelobae. This new species is similar to Manihot mossamedensis, differing from it in the gamosepalous calyx of its pistillate flowers, lanceolate, persistent, and uninerved bracts and bracteoles, exserted staminate flowers, and wingless capsules. The distribution, habitat, conservation status, and systematic position of the new species are presented. A key to all species of Manihot section Quinquelobae is also provided.