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20 September 2024 Inducer Powder of the Pathogenic Activity of Metarhizium anisopliae Against Spodoptera frugiperda
Adara Graciano-Obeso, Cipriano García-Gutiérrez, Juan Carlos Sainz-Hernández, Luis Daniel García-Rodríguez, Antonio Luna-González, Píndaro Álvarez Ruiz, Ninfa M. Rosas-García
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Abstract

In this study, a powder of the larvae, pupae and adults of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) was obtained, and 1% of this powder was added to solid culture media potato dextrose agar (PDA) and liquid media Sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB) and minimal medium (MM), to induce the development and virulence of the M1 strain of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin, which is pathogenic against the L1 larvae of S. frugiperda. The pupa powder was selected because it causes the greatest degree of radial growth of the M1 strain (73.3 mm) in PDA (p < 0.05). The enzymatic activity of M1, in the medium with pupa powder of S. frugiperda (I), was increased on day 4 for the proteases in MMI (1.1 U min-1) and on day 2 for the lipases in MMI (7034 U) and SDBI (6004 U) (p<0.05). In the pathogenicity bioassay, the M1 strain grown on PDA with the pupa powder caused 90% mortality on day 4 in the L1 larvae, while M1 grown on PDA without the powder caused 50%. With the pupa powder, the growth of the M1 strain increased, which promoted the production of enzymes, thus, increasing the pathogenicity of M. anisopliae against the L1 larvae of S. frugiperda.

En este estudio se produjo polvo de larvas, pupas y adultos del gusano cogollero, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), y el 1% de estos polvos se adicionó a medios de cultivo sólido papa dextrosa agar (PDA) y líquidos, caldo dextrosa sabouraud (CDS) y medio mínimo (MM), para inducir el desarrollo y la virulencia de la cepa M1 de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin, que es patogénica contra larvas L1 de S. frugiperda. Se seleccionó el polvo de pupas por presentar el mayor crecimiento radial de la cepa M1 (73.3 mm) en PDA. La actividad enzimática de M1, en los medios con polvo de pupas de S. frugiperda (I), se incrementó al cuarto día para proteasas en MMI (1.1 U min-1), y al segundo día para lipasas en MMI (7034 U) y CDSI (6004 U). En el bioensayo de patogenicidad la cepa M1 cultivada en PDA con polvo de pupas causó 90% de mortalidad al cuarto día en larvas L1, mientras que M1 cultivada en PDA sin el polvo causó 50%. Con el polvo de pupas aumentó el crecimiento de la cepa M1, promoviendo la producción de las enzimas, incrementando la patogenicidad de M. anisopliae contra larvas L1 de S. frugiperda.

Adara Graciano-Obeso, Cipriano García-Gutiérrez, Juan Carlos Sainz-Hernández, Luis Daniel García-Rodríguez, Antonio Luna-González, Píndaro Álvarez Ruiz, and Ninfa M. Rosas-García "Inducer Powder of the Pathogenic Activity of Metarhizium anisopliae Against Spodoptera frugiperda," Southwestern Entomologist 49(3), 1071-1081, (20 September 2024). https://doi.org/10.3958/059.049.0326
Published: 20 September 2024
KEYWORDS
fall armyworm
gusano cogollero
inducing powder
maíz
maize
pathogenicity
patogenicidad
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