Four new Promalactis (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) are described herein from Mae Yom National Park, Lamphum Province, in northwestern Thailand, and include: Promalactis faithyella, P. dispar, P. duocaulis, and P.ungula. Images of imagos and digital illustrations of all male genitalia are included. Female genitalia are included as available.

Cyanocydia Razowski and Becker, 2012 was described as a monotypic genus to accommodate Cydia eucyanea Walsingham, 1914, from Mexico. Two additional species were recently transferred to the genus: C. costaricensis (Heppner) from Costa Rica and C. salvadorana (Heppner) from El Salvador and Honduras. A fourth species, Cyanocydia cubana Brown, new species, is described and illustrated herein from Cuba. The new species widens the known geographic distribution of the genus from Central America to the northern Caribbean.

Hydrellia albilabris (Meigen) (Diptera: Ephydridae) is recorded in the Nearctic Region for the first time. Its biology and immature stages are documented, and other miners in duckweeds (Araceae: Lemnoideae) are discussed. One new combination is proposed: Hydrellia jinpingensis (Zhang, Yang, and Hayashi) is transferred from Cavatorella.

A new species, Resseliella maximaGagné, is reported that feeds on the lower stems of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. (Fabaceae) in Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota and Minnesota. It is described and illustrated and compared in detail with other Resseliella spp. DNA data support its status as a new species. A general description is given for Resseliella.

Two species of the plant bug genus Falconia Distant recently discovered in the United States are reported. Falconia maculipennis Maldonado, a species described from Puerto Rico, is documented for the first time from the Dominican Republic (Monsenor Noel and Pedernales provinces) and the United States (Florida). Falconia collaris, new species, is described, based on specimens from Florida (Miami-Dade Co.), Texas (Cameron Co.), and Mexico (Nuevo Leon and Veracruz). A diagnosis, description, and dorsal habitus and male genitalic images are given for each species, both of which are associated with wild lime, Zanthoxylum fagara (L.) Sarg. [Rutaceae]. Host plants and potential economic importance are discussed.

New distributional records are presented to add Texas, new U. S. state record, and the United States of America, new country record, to the known distribution of the species Hadrosomus teapensis (Distant, 1893) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeidae).

A review of the inquiline oak gall wasp species of the genus Synergus Hartig that are associated with tuberous and other tumor-like galls on oaks (Quercus L.) from the New World is provided for the first time. Redescriptions, remarks, pictures and new location data for the species previously known from the New World are given. Three new species that emerged from tuberous galls collected in Mexico are formally described and illustrated: Synergus grahami Lobato-Vila and Pujade-Villar, sp. nov.; S. shorthousei Lobato-Vila and Pujade-Villar, sp. nov.; and S. tenebrosus Lobato-Vila and Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. A morphological key to identify and separate all the species addressed in this work is given. In addition, Saphonecrus brevicornis (Ashmead, 1896) is returned to Synergus; a new name for Synergus luteusNieves-Aldrey and Medianero, 2011 is given to avoid a primary homonymy with an European species; Synergus multiplicatusFullaway, 1911 becomes a syn. nov. of S. mexicanusGillette, 1896, and S. davisi (Beutenmüller, 1907) a syn. nov. of S. lignicola (Osten-Sacken, 1862).

Chrysoperla externa (Hagen 1861) is a generalist predator with a high degree of adaptability to different environments, which has allowed it to have a wide geographical distribution and to be considered as an alternative in biological control programs. This functional response study was performed to evaluate its predatory capacity on Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner 1897), as prey. The L3 instar showed the highest prey consumption at each evaluated. The logistic regression analysis showed that the linear coefficient P₁ of each larval instar was negative and significant (L1: P1 = - 0.1225 ± 0.0183, X2 = 44.8626, P = 0.0001*; L2: P1 = - 0.0747 ± 0.0265, X2 = 7.9182, P = 0.0049*; L3: P1 = - 1.1136 ± 0.6898, X2 = 2.6058, P = 0.01065*), which indicates that the consumption trend of each instar corresponds to a type II functional response. The highest attack coefficients (a) (0.00625 ± 0.000573) and the shortest handling times (Th) (1.0132 ± 0.0918) were observed in L3, meaning that this instar needs less time to identify, locate, capture and consume its prey. Based on these results, it can be inferred that C. externa can be considered as a natural enemy of M. sacchari.

Five species of Xiphydriidae are described from Taiwan: Indoxiphyia prima Smith, n. sp., Hyperxiphia nantou Smith, n. sp., H. nigrans Smith, n. sp., H. sculpturata Smith, n. sp., and H. triangulris Smith, n. sp. The genus Indoxiphia Maa is newly recorded from Taiwan. A key is given for the Xiphidriidae known from the island and several new Taiwan records are given for Dryxiphia punctatissimaMaa 1949. Eleven species in six genera are now known for Taiwan.

A new phymatine species is herein described: Phymata procremna Swanson, n. sp. from Dureno, Ecuador and Tingo Maria, Peru. The new species belongs to a small set of species that possess an ultraconnexivum on the fifth abdominal tergite. Both male and female are represented in the description. Additionally, the phymatine species currently known from Peru are enumerated.

Japanese privet (Ligustrum japonicum) is widely planted as an ornamental and shade tree in Mexico. In 2017 we discovered lepidopterous larvae causing severe defoliation on ornamental privet in Saltillo, Mexico. It was preliminarily identified as Palpita sp. using external morphology. Larvae were reared to obtain adults that were identified as the four-spotted moth, P. quadristigmalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) using morphology of the genitalia and COI sequences. A comparison with similar species is provided. Larvae of P. quadristigmalis, are defoliators and leaf-folders of trees and shrubs, and among their main hosts are olives and privets (Oleaceae). This is the first confirmed report of P. quadristigmalis causing economic damage in Mexico.

Larvae of the debris-carrying green lacewing Ceraeochrysa lineaticornis (Fitch) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) are known to construct their dorsal packets from foliar trichomes of Arizona sycamore (Platanus wrightii S. Watson; Platanaceae) and to prey on nymphs of the lace bug Corythucha confraterna Gibson (Hemiptera: Tingidae). From 2008 to 2018, we observed larvae in a South Carolina botanical garden incorporate plant trichomes, the waxy flocculence and exuviae of flatid planthoppers, and cuticular fragments of assorted arthropods to construct their packets. This represents the first recorded use of planthopper wax by larvae of a debris-carrying chrysopid. Larvae were observed on 61 plant species (31 families), including 30 species of Eurasian ornamentals. Nymphs of the flatids Metcalfa pruinosa (Say) and Ormenoides venusta (Melichar) were present with larvae of C. lineaticornis on all but two of the Eurasian plants. Chrysopid larvae and coccons were found within aggregations of planthopper nymphs on abaxial leaf surfaces of paperplant (Fatsia japonica [Thunb.] Decne. & Planch.; Araliaceae). Larvae preyed on planthopper nymphs in the laboratory. The composition of the larval packets is described, and notes on seasonality of the chrysopid and flatid planthoppers are provided.