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1 June 2015 IMMOBILIZATION OF CAPTIVE NUBIAN IBEX (CAPRA NUBIANA) WITH BUTORPHANOL-MIDAZOLAM-MEDETOMIDINE OR BUTORPHANOL-AZAPERONE-MEDETOMIDINE AND ATIPAMEZOLE REVERSAL
Roi Lapid, Yael Shilo-Benjamini
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Seventeen captive Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana) were immobilized for transportation and/or hoof trimming, deworming, and vaccinations. Of these, 11 were immobilized with a combination of butorphanol (0.13 ± 0.03 mg/kg), midazolam (0.13 ± 0.03 mg/kg), and medetomidine (0.13 ± 0.03 mg/kg) (BMM), and 6 were immobilized with a combination of butorphanol (0.11 ± 0.03 mg/kg), azaperone (0.22 ± 0.06 mg/kg), and medetomidine (0.11 ± 0.03 mg/kg) (BAM) by intramuscular injection. Induction and recovery times were recorded. Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation were measured. The quality of induction, immobilization, and recovery were scored (scale 1–5; 1 = poor, 5 = excellent). Mean induction time was significantly shorter in the BMM group versus the BAM group (8.8 ± 2.7 and 20.1 ± 7.8 min, respectively). Median induction score and median immobilization score were significantly higher (i.e., better) in the BMM group than the BAM group (5 versus 2.5 and 4 versus 3, respectively). The mean and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in the BMM group at the 25-min time point. Atipamezole was administered at the end of procedures, and all ibex recovered smoothly. Mean recovery time was significantly longer in the BMM group versus the BAM group (9.5 ± 4.3 and 3.3 ± 2.2, respectively). In conclusion, at the doses used, the combination of BMM was superior to BAM for short-term immobilization in captive Nubian ibex.

American Association of Zoo Veterinarians
Roi Lapid and Yael Shilo-Benjamini "IMMOBILIZATION OF CAPTIVE NUBIAN IBEX (CAPRA NUBIANA) WITH BUTORPHANOL-MIDAZOLAM-MEDETOMIDINE OR BUTORPHANOL-AZAPERONE-MEDETOMIDINE AND ATIPAMEZOLE REVERSAL," Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 46(2), 291-297, (1 June 2015). https://doi.org/10.1638/2014-0202R1.1
Received: 16 October 2014; Published: 1 June 2015
KEYWORDS
azaperone
butorphanol
Capra nubiana
medetomidine
midazolam
Nubian ibex
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