Although populations of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica have been the focus of numerous studies for more than a century, less is known about the coastal lagoon populations such as those of Delaware's Inland Bays. Increasingly, oyster restoration projects in coastal regions are incorporating oyster stocking programs to restore areas with reduced oyster populations to capture both economic benefits and ecosystem services provided by healthy reefs. In Delaware, the Center for the Inland Bays conducted a volunteer oyster gardening program lasting 20 y employing disease-resistant hatchery spat. Using a suite of microsatellite loci, we examined the genetic profiles of locally recruited inland bay oysters, nearby wild Delaware Bay oysters, and the disease-resistant hatchery strain to evaluate the potential impact of the gardening program. The Inland Bay samples showed genetic profiles similar to the wild Delaware Bay population, suggesting an extant resident population providing a consistent larval supply, potentially clouding the contribution of the hatchery-spawned gardened oysters.