Under the rural revitalization strategy, farmers' livelihood strategy is transitioning from unitary traditional agriculture to multiple dominant strategy. The adoption of non-agricultural livelihood strategy is not only a mitigation plan for agricultural livelihood vulnerability, but also a means to achieve the goal of rural revitalization. Based on the relevant literature from 2000 to 2023, this study adopts meta-analysis method to comprehensively review the researches on non-agricultural livelihood strategy selection at home and abroad, and discusses the influence of livelihood capital on non-agricultural livelihood strategy selection from the perspective of sustainable livelihood. The findings are as follows: First, the direct effects of livelihood capital on non-agricultural livelihood strategy selection are different: financial capital, human capital and social capital all have promoting effects on farmers' non-agricultural livelihood strategy selection; Natural capital has inhibitory effect on farmers' choice of non-agricultural livelihood strategy. The effect of physical capital on farmers' non-agricultural livelihood strategy selection is not significant. Second, non-agricultural livelihood types and terrain characteristics have a moderating effect on non-agricultural livelihood strategy selection: both non-agricultural livelihood types (engaged in industry or business) and terrain characteristics have a moderating effect on the relationship between livelihood capital and non-agricultural livelihood strategy selection. Therefore, farmers can be guided to choose non-agricultural livelihood strategies by optimizing the allocation of livelihood capital.