In recent years, as a new first-tier city in China, Hefei has made great progress in the construction of urban landscapes, but there were also problems such as the unbalanced development of scenic spots and a need for more characteristics in landscape construction. To further improve the level of urban landscape construction and promote tourism development, we analyzed the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of urban landscape construction as well as tourism development in Hefei based on the SWOT-AHP model, constructed a hierarchical analysis structure model, and proposed corresponding countermeasures for its sustainable development. The results show that the opportunities (0.4966) > strengths (0.3281) > weaknesses (0.1115) > threats (0.0638) of urban landscape construction and tourism development in Hefei. The most important opportunity was the development opportunity brought by the national macroeconomic policies; the most important strength was the strength of traffic location; the main weakness was that the ecological problem had not been resolved; and the main threat was that the early developed nearby scenic spots had obvious strengths. The four-quadrant coordinate method provided the strategic center of gravity coordinates P(x, y) = (0.1457, 0.2191) and the strategic strength coefficient ρ = 0.9368. It is concluded that future Hefei urban landscape construction and tourism development should adopt an active growth-type development strategy. Finally, based on these analysis results, we propose corresponding development strategies and suggestions to provide a reference for further promoting Hefei's urban landscape construction and high-quality development of the tourism industry.