Clarifying the pattern of regional carbon balance and determining the carbon compensation standards of stakeholders are the keys to building a regional carbon compensation mechanism and promoting regional carbon neutrality. The land use area of the Xinjiang Tianshan World Natural Heritage Site in 1980, 2000, 2010, and 2020 was interpreted using remote sensing technology (RS) and geographic information system (GIS), and the net ecosystem productivity model was used to calculate the carbon sink of the forest, grassland, water area, and cultivated land ecosystem in the heritage site. The IPCC carbon emission factor method and carbon footprint method were used to calculate the tourism and animal husbandry carbon emissions, and the carbon sink evolution characteristics, carbon emission structure characteristics, and carbon budget pattern of the heritage sites were analyzed. Further, the carbon compensation for tourists in the heritage site was calculated using the carbon compensation coefficient correction model and the tourists' willingness to pay method. The results demonstrated that (1) the carbon sinks of the heritage sites decreased from 1980 to 2020, with those of grassland, cultivated land, forest land, and wetland exhibiting different degrees of decline. (2) The whole heritage site had a carbon deficit of 8.67×106 tCO2. Tourism carbon emission was the main carbon source, accounting for more than 95%, whereas livestock carbon emissions accounted for only 4.12%. The carbon emission intensity of regional human activities exceeded its ecological carbon sink carrying capacity, and tourists were the main carbon compensators in heritage sites. (3) The theoretical compensation of tourists in the heritage site was 25.23 yuan p–1 yr–1, and the willingness to compensate was 14.78 yuan p–1 yr–1 (nonparametric estimation) and 5.93 yuan p–1 yr–1 (parametric estimation). Further, the standards for carbon compensation by tourists calculated using the two methods differed. Therefore, when formulating the carbon compensation standards for stakeholders, the responsibility weight of the compensation subject should be clarified, and the regional carbon balance and the willingness to pay of the compensation subject should be comprehensively considered. By adopting scientific and reasonable carbon compensation standards, carbon compensation mechanisms in the region can be effectively implemented.
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17 December 2024
Carbon Budget Pattern and Carbon Compensation Standard of Xinjiang Tianshan World Natural Heritage Site
Li Qianna,
Yao Juan
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carbon budget pattern
carbon compensation standard
carbon deficit
World Natural Heritage Site