The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sublethal effects of the beta-cypermethrin on calling behavior and fecundity of a major fruit-boring pest of apple, Carposina sasakii Matsumura. The mating rate, fertility (total number of eggs laid per female), and adult longevity of adults were remarkably decreased as compared with that in control when the adults were exposed to 10% lethal concentrations (LC₁₀) of beta-cypermethrin (LC₁₀♀ × LC₁₀♂), and the age-specific survival rate (l_x ) was also negatively affected by sublethal beta-cypermethrin especially for the LC₁₀♀× LC₁₀♂ mating combination. However, the age-specific fecundity (m_x ) was stimulated particularly in the combination of CK♀× LC₁₀♂. Furthermore, the oviposition period was prolonged and the number of eggs was significantly increased for combinations of CK♀× LC₁₀♂ and LC₁₀♀× CK♂. In the mating experiments, males in control or LC₁₀-beta-cypermethrin treatments preferred to mate with females in control. It might be because of lower calling rate of female survivors treated with sublethal beta-cypermethrin. Our data indicate that treatment of beta-cypermethrin had a sublethal effect on the development and production of C. sasakii, and their mating behavior changes in surviving adults that may contribute to assortative mating.