Kim, T.-W.; Kim, J.-H.; Song, M.-S., and Yun, H.-S., 2017. Convergence technique study on red tide prediction in the littoral sea. In: Lee, J.L.; Griffiths, T.; Lotan, A.; Suh, K.-S., and Lee, J. (eds.), The 2nd International Water Safety Symposium. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 79, pp. 254–258. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Active research has been conducted on tracking red tides by combining remotely sensed satellite images and numerically predicted ocean currents. Recent ocean observing satellite images have low spatial resolution and temporal limitations. Such convergence technologies are developed to overcome these shortcomings. Chollian, which is the world's first oceanographic satellite capable of observing ocean surface in a “geostationary orbit”, can detect the current expansion and intensity of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs). This Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) can combine HABs patch with tidal current to predict where the bloom will travel on the Korean peninsula coast because it takes photographs at 500 m spatial resolution 8 times a day. HABs initially occurred at 9 a.m. on August 17, 2015, and were most likely to flow into the seawater desalination plant at 1 p.m.. Intake managers who operate and maintain (O&M) seawater desalination plants can track the inflow possibility hourly using this convergence technology. The inflow possibility was predicted by Linear Directional Mean (LDM) spatial analysis in GIS environment. This product can provide seawater intake managers with timely information as a useful decision-making tool.