World Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera): A Key to Higher-Level Groups

Matthew L. Buffington; Mattias Forshage; Johan Liljeblad; Chang-Ti Tang; Simon van Noort

doi:10.1093/isd/ixaa003

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31 December 2022 World Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera): A Key to Higher-Level Groups

Matthew L. Buffington, Mattias Forshage, Johan Liljeblad, Chang-Ti Tang, Simon van Noort

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Insect Systematics and Diversity, 4(4):1-69 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixaa003

Abstract

While much has been learned regarding the phylogeny and evolution of cynipoid wasps, clearly illustrated diagnostic tools and identification keys have remained stagnant. So too, where keys do exist, they are often to genus or species, and there are no user-friendly keys to groups such as tribes, subfamilies, or families.This state of affairs leaves a knowledge gap for non-specialists and slows future research on the group.To address this, we provide a fully illustrated key to the higher-level groups of world Cynipoidea. We also provide summaries of all higher-level taxa with updated generic lists, biological data, distribution, and literature resources. The dichotomous key presented here is complimented with a multi-entry matrix-based key, created in Lucid, and served on www.waspweb.org with online versions of the dichotomous keys also available.

Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2020. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.

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Matthew L. Buffington, Mattias Forshage, Johan Liljeblad, Chang-Ti Tang, and Simon van Noort "World Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera): A Key to Higher-Level Groups," Insect Systematics and Diversity 4(4), 1-69, (31 December 2022). https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixaa003

Received: 1 October 2019; Accepted: 14 February 2020; Published: 31 December 2022

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