Englerocharis blanca-leoniae is described and illustrated, and its relationship to the closely related E. peruviana is discussed. As a result, Englerocharis now includes five species, all except the latter are narrowly endemic to Peru and known from single collections. The generic limit is expanded to accommodate the new species, and a key to the five known species of the genus is presented.

The type status of 146 names of Himalayan taxa is discussed, of which the lectotypes of 133 names are designated here for the first time, including a few that were incompletely lectotypified due to the existence of more than one sheet in the institution where the type was said to be. These 133 species and infraspecfic names were originally described in the genera Arabis (15), Chorispora (4), Cochlearia (4), Dilophia (2), Draba (64), Ermania (2), Erysimum (5), Eutrema (4), Nasturtium (3), Sisymbrium (9), and Thlaspi (2). In addition, lectotypes are designated for one name each in the 15 other genera: Barbarea, Brassica, Capsella, Cardamine, Cheiranthus, Dipoma, Goldbachia, Hemilophia, Hutchinsia, Lepidostemon, Martinella, Megacarpaea, Microsisymbrium, Sinapis, and Sophiopsis. The type status of 13 additional names in Arabis (1), Buchingera (1), Draba (8), Erysimum (2), Parlatoria (1), Parrya (2), Sisymbrium (1), and Torularia (1) are discussed.

Strychnos gubleri was described by François Gustave Planchon based on material collected in what is currently Amazonas state, Venezuela. Although it is one of the most widely cited species of the genus in the literature, it is not listed in Tropicos, appears as “unresolved” in The Plant List, and it was not included in the most recent flora and checklist of the region. We present here a history of the name, point out the valid description, and conclude that this taxon was described again in 1927 as S. panurensis. We also provide miscellaneous information on the species and list specimens cited in the text.

One new species in the genus Acianthera, A. imitator, is described and illustrated. Sixteen species are proposed as synonyms. They are listed in alphabetical order: Acianthera gradeae as synonym of A. agathophylla; A. spilantha as synonym of A. breviflora; A. antennata as synonym of A. gracilisepala; A. dichroa as synomym of A. strupifolia; Anathallis crebrifolia, A. montipelladensis, and A. ourobranquensis as synonyms of A. aristulata; A. liparanges as a synomym of A. heterophylla; A. bolsanelloi, A. githaginea, and A. nectarifera as synonyms of A. lobiserrata; A. limbata and A. marginata as synonyms of A. muscoidea; A. longiglossa as synonym of A. paranaensis; Lankesteriana gehrtii as synonym of L. caudatipetala, and Specklinia rubidantha as synonym of Lankesteriana imberbis. Correct provenance and habitat information are provided for the type collection of the recently described Anathallis johnsonii. This species is herein formally recorded for Brazil. Lectotypes are selected for seven species: Anathallis heterophylla, A. nectarifera, Lepanthes crebrifolia, Pleurothallis gracilisepala, P. microgemma, P. paranaensis, and P. spilantha, and an epitype is selected for Pleurothallis paranaensis. Illustrations and taxonomic discussions are also provided.

Three species of Freziera from Peru are described and illustrated, including a discussion of their distinguishing characters and affinities to other closely related species. The names of two of these species, F. cyanocantha and F. incana, were proposed by A. L. Weitzman in herbarium annotations in 1990.

We designate lectotypes for thirteen Peruvian Centropogon and Siphocampylus (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae) names associated with type collections made by Augusto Weberbauer.

Two new species from Ecuadorian Amazon, Calyptranthes yasuniana and Eugenia bullatifolia, are described and illustrated. Their relationships to closest relatives in these genera are discussed. One hundred and forty-nine individuals of C. yasuniana and 68 individuals of E. bullatifolia with dbh ≥ 1 cm were recorded in a 25-ha plot at Yasuní National Park.

An ethnobotanical survey was carried out in the Hawraman region, southern Kurdistan, Iraq. A total of 64 plant species belonging to 30 families are currently utilized in various traditional uses, including local foods, medicines, tools, gums, fodder, tanning, and dyes, among others. Data were gathered from local markets, where various plant parts were sold, as well as from interviewing elderly villagers. For each ethnobotanical entry, the species, plant family, and Kurdish names are given.