Several molecular phylogenetic studies have consistently demonstrated that the smaller Clypeola is nested within the larger and more widespread Alyssum (Brassicaceae). Therefore, as in many other similar cases in the family, these two genera are united herein. A new name (A. boissieri) and six new combinations (A. asperum, A. cyclodonteum, A. dichotomum, A. elegans, A. lappaceum, and A. raddeanum) are proposed. The characters often used to distinguish the two genera are discussed in light of other molecular phylogenetic and comparative morphological studies.