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10 July 2024 Investigating Shade Tolerance and Phenotypic Plasticity of Virginia Spiraea (Spiraea virginiana Britton), a Federally Threatened Shrub
Rose P. Dickson, Jonathan L. Horton, Jennifer Rhode Ward
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Abstract

Virginia spiraea (Spiraea virginiana Britton, Rosaceae) is a putative shade-intolerant, disturbance-adapted, riparian shrub species native to the southern Appalachian Mountains. This species was listed as threatened in 1990, and a federal recovery plan was developed in 1992. Current reassessment of the recovery plan includes proposals for propagation and out-planting to supplement and restore wild populations. Genotypes with greater shade acclimation would likely have higher survival in natural populations, would require less frequent shade-reduction management, and could be integrated into populations that need restoration. In summer 2022, we examined steady-state (maximum light-saturated photosynthetic, dark respiration rates, quantum yield, light compensation point) and dynamic (photosynthetic induction and loss patterns) photosynthetic characteristics, pigment concentrations, and specific leaf mass of cloned propagules from five elements of occurrence along the South Fork of the New River in Ashe County, North Carolina, along an artificial light gradient (100%, 75%, 50%, and 20% of full sun) in a common garden. Data were compared among light treatments using ANOVA or non-parametric tests. Light treatment had significant effects on maximum photosynthesis, dark respiration, specific leaf mass, and light compensation, but not quantum yield, pigment concentrations, or induction and loss times. Some parameters had plasticity similar to that seen in other woody shrubs, while others were less plastic. A surprising finding was that plants performed better under 75% full sunlight suggesting an ability to tolerate, and maybe even a preference for, partial shade in this species. Future studies should examine photosynthetic characteristics of individuals from genetically contrasting source populations.

Rose P. Dickson, Jonathan L. Horton, and Jennifer Rhode Ward "Investigating Shade Tolerance and Phenotypic Plasticity of Virginia Spiraea (Spiraea virginiana Britton), a Federally Threatened Shrub," Castanea 89(1), 96-108, (10 July 2024). https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.89.1.96
Received: 28 November 2023; Accepted: 5 June 2024; Published: 10 July 2024
KEYWORDS
leaf gas exchange
photosynthetic induction
Physiological plasticity
Spiraea virginiana
threatened species
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