The N₂O and CO₂ emissions from soil amended with cattle manure and compost from animals fed a diet including wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS) were evaluated in a 105 d aerobic incubation study in the laboratory. Manure (BM) and compost (BC) from cattle fed a typical finishing diet containing barley, and manure (DDGSM) and compost (DDGSC) from cattle fed a diet containing 60% wheat DDGS replacing barley grain, were used. A nonamended control (soil without manure or compost) was included for comparison. Organic amendments significantly increased N₂O and CO₂ emissions compared with the control, and manure resulted in significantly higher CO₂ emissions than compost. Adding DDGS to cattle diet resulted in significantly higher N₂O emission amounts and emission factors from soil regardless of whether the amendment was manure or compost, mainly due to increased NH₄ -N content. While N₂O emissions were lower in soil amended with DDGSC than DDGSM, there was no difference in N₂O emissions when soils were amended with BM and BC. Our results suggest that across diet types and management approaches, application of compost from cattle fed a typical diet could be less detrimental to the environment with relatively lower emissions of CO₂ and N₂O.