To clarify the phylogenetic relationships of Pseudobiantes japonicus Hirst, 1911 and its allied species, Epedanellus tuberculatus Roewer, 1911 and Kilungius insulanus (Hirst, 1911) (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores: Epedanidae), we conducted morphological and nucleotide sequence analyses of this complex. Sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene of 179 samples recovered six clades comprised of four allopatric lineages within P. japonicus and two monophyletic groups of E. tuberculatus and K. insulanus, respectively, related as follows: ([Clades A B of P. japonicus] [Clade C of P. japonicus]) (K. insulanus [Clade D of P. japonicus E. tuberculatus]). This phylogenetic relationship implies that “Pseudobiantes japonicus” is paraphyletic or polyphyletic, unless mitochondrial introgression between species is postulated. Moreover, Clades C and D of P. japonicus were also separable by the combination of a few morphological characters and from Clades A and B in P. japonicus. These results suggest that a thorough taxonomic revision is needed for the classification of P. japonicus and allied species.
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1 July 2014
Phylogeography of the Laniatorid Harvestman Pseudobiantes japonicus and Its Allied Species (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores: Epedanidae)
Yoshimasa Kumekawa,
Katsura Ito,
Nobuo Tsurusaki,
Hiroshi Hayakawa,
Kyohei Ohga,
Jun Yokoyama,
Shin-Ichi Tebayashi,
Ryo Arakawa,
Tatsuya Fukuda
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Epedanellus tuberculatus
Kilungius insulanus
phylogenetic relationship
PHYLOGEOGRAPHY
Pseudobiantes japonicas