This review of parasitoid—plant associations brings new information derived from parasitoid material reared from determined aphid—plant associations. The species are reviewed together with a respective reference list. A comparison with the related western and eastern Mediterranean areas is presented. The updated interactions between Algeria and the southern areas of Western Europe are compared and exemplified by Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) and Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson), both of which are exotic parasitoids that are now considered naturalized species. Some new associations of economic importance are emphasized; among them, a high level of parasitization of Aphis illinoisensis Shimer, a new exotic pest of grapes by L. testaceipes, is the most important.