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12 August 2024 Biology, Shelter Use and Rabies Antibodies in the Hairy-Legged Vampire Bat, Diphylla ecaudata, in Cohabitation with Desmodus rotundus: A Large Colony in a Man-Made Building in Southeastern Brazil, with Comments on Conservation
Adriana R. da Rosa, Luzia F. A. Martorelli, Ana P. G. de A. Kataoka, Marilene F. de Almeida, Wilson Uieda, Eleonora Trajano
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Abstract

The hairy-legged vampire bat, Diphylla ecaudata, is a relatively rare, poorly known, and specialized species that feeds primarily on the blood of birds. We studied a large colony of D. ecaudata rosting with the common hematophagous bats Desmodus rotundus, in a brick house in São Paulo, a large metropolis in southeastern Brazil. The colony size varied from 68 individuals in July 2011 to 21 in February 2014, and females were slightly larger than males. This is the first record of a large group of D. ecaudata sheltering in a man-made structure in Brazil and the first largest group of the species recorded in the country. As a rabies control measure, some animals were subjected to fluorescent antibody and mouse inoculation tests. Blood samples were collected from 24 animals, and the sera were tested for the presence of rabies antibodies using a simplified fluorescent inhibition microtest. No bat tested positive for rabies. Using 0.5 IU/ml as the cut-off, the prevalence of rabies antibodies was 58.8% in D. ecaudata and 83.0% in D. rotundus. The expressive levels of rabies antibodies indicate that the rabies virus actively circulates between the two species.

El murciélago vampiro patas peludas, Diphylla ecaudata, es una especie especializada, relativamente rara y poco conocida, que se alimenta principalmente de sangre de aves. Estudiamos una gran colonia de D. ecaudata cohabitando con el murciélago vampiro común Desmodus rotundus en una casa de ladrillos en la ciudad de São Paulo, una gran metrópolis en el sureste de Brasil. El tamaño de la colonia varió de 68 individuos en julio de 2011 a 21 en febrero de 2014, y las hembras fueron ligeramente más numerosas que los machos. Este es el primer registro de un grupo grande de D. ecaudata ocupando una estructura artificial en Brasil y el primer registro de un grupo tan grande de la especie en el país. Como medida de control de la rabia, algunos animales fueron sometidos a pruebas de anticuerpos fluorescentes y de inoculación utilizadas en ratones. Se recolectaron muestras de sangre de 24 animales y los sueros se analizaron para detectar la presencia de anticuerpos contra la rabia mediante una microprueba de inhibición fluorescente simplificada. Ningún murciélago dio positivo por rabia. Utilizando 0,5 UI/ml como punto de corte, la prevalencia de anticuerpos contra la rabia fue del 58,8% en D. ecaudata y del 83,0% en D. rotundus. Los niveles de expresión de anticuerpos contra la rabia indican que el virus de la rabia circula activamente entre las dos especies.

Adriana R. da Rosa, Luzia F. A. Martorelli, Ana P. G. de A. Kataoka, Marilene F. de Almeida, Wilson Uieda, and Eleonora Trajano "Biology, Shelter Use and Rabies Antibodies in the Hairy-Legged Vampire Bat, Diphylla ecaudata, in Cohabitation with Desmodus rotundus: A Large Colony in a Man-Made Building in Southeastern Brazil, with Comments on Conservation," Acta Chiropterologica 26(1), 89-100, (12 August 2024). https://doi.org/10.3161/15081109ACC2024.26.1.008
Received: 11 January 2024; Accepted: 13 June 2024; Published: 12 August 2024
KEYWORDS
bat biology
biología de murciélagos
Desmodus rotundus
Desmodus rotundus
Diphylla ecaudata
Diphylla ecaudata
hematophagous bats
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